The Measurability and Economic Relevance of Transformational Leadership: An Analysis of MLQ, GTL, and LPI
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships and differences between the most well-known measurement tools of transformational leadership (GTL, MLQ, LPI). A literature review was conducted, revealing that the GTL includes seven dimensions, while both the MLQ and the LPI consist of five dimensions each. Through secondary data and content analysis, it was concluded that the dimensions of the GTL can be matched to those of the MLQ, while also including two additional dimensions. One of the sub-goals of the study was to explore how the inclusion of the GTL’s two additional dimensions into the MLQ model affects the correlation of the resulting seven leadership styles with organizational profit. Another sub-goal was to present the Hungarian version of the GTL and test its internal consistency, as there is a strong demand in domestic research for a simple yet reliable scale to measure transformational leadership. Testing on a sample of 100 respondents from SMEs revealed that the dimension of “empowerment” ranked second, while “support” ranked sixth among the seven dimensions. Based on the Cronbach’s alpha value, the scale is reliable. In more complex questionnaire-based studies that include multiple thematic sections – where the transformational leadership scale represents only one block – the use of the short and reliable GTL is particularly recommended.
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