Hogyan is dolgozik otthonról? A home office munkavégzés és az észlelt produktivitás összefüggései

Absztrakt

The aim of this article is to present the relationship between the home office and perceived productivity, a priority for employers, based on the results of a large sample survey. A survey was conducted in December 2023 in Hungary with 731 respondents, in which, in addition to organisational characteristics and commitment components, perceived productivity was also assessed among the respondents. The survey distinguished between 3 different groups of employees: full home office workers (those who spend 80% or more of their working time in a home office); hybrid workers (those who spend less than 80% but at least 20% of their working time in a home office) and presence workers (those who spend less than 20% of their working time in a home office). The survey found that perceived productivity differed between the different groups of employees. In the literature, there has been considerable academic attention to the relationship between the home office and productivity following the COVID19 pandemic. The relationship between these two factors has been investigated previously, but the restrictive measures introduced during the pandemic have led to a significant increase in the number of people working from home, and a concomitant increase in the focus of research in this area. There are a large number of findings in the literature that show a positive relationship between working from home and productivity, but there are also a few cases that report a negative relationship. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed review of recent research and to use it to evaluate the results of our own survey. Data analysis is performed using SPSS statistical software and results are presented in a boxplot diagram. Beyond descriptive statistics methods, results are analysed using a non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. The pandemic has passed, but both workers and employers have adapted and become accustomed to the institution of working from home. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of the home office and assesses the perceived productivity of workers employed in different forms (home office, hybrid and presence), which is a priority for employers. It also highlights the need to use different methods for different forms of employment to increase productivity. The article presents in detail the HR tools proposed in the literature to increase the productivity of workers in different forms of employment.